Stove



L. T. WILCOX Sept. 3,1929.

STOVE F'ilel Feb. 25, 1927 4 SheetsSheet l INVENTOR Jill A5 T lV/ZC'OX.BY

ATTORNEY Sept. 3, 1929.

| T. WILCOX 1,726,687

STOVE Filed Feb. 25, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 15/4 4577. MLC'OXATTORNEY.

L. T. WILCOX Sept. 3, 1929.

S T'OVE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb; 25, 1927 INVENTOR. 15w 2 lmmxATTORNEY.

L T. WlLCOX Sept. 3, 1929.

STOVE Filed Feb. 25, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INV 1M5 T MZCp/K ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

UNITED STATES LEWIS 'l. WILCOX, F PEEKSKILL, NEW YORK.

STOVE.

Application filed. February 25, 1927.

It has been found advantageous and practical in oil and gas burningcooking stoves,

in addition to the holes in the stove top where the heat from theburners is directly applied, to have other holes where articles areheated more indirectly. Under such circumstances two articles may becooked at the same time with a single burner, the article requiring thegreater heat being placed on the hole which receives the direct heat ofthe burner. This invention relates to stoves of that type and an objectis to provide a stove which will be simple and inexpensive tomanufacture and which will be of higher efiiciency in f its applicationof the heat from the burners to the contents of the cooking utensils onthe holes than has heretofore been possible with stoves of this type.Other more specific objects will appear from the description of'theillustrated embodiment of my invention.

in stoves of this type, the holes in the key plate or stove top arecommonly arranged in pairs, and for each pair there is a burner arrangedunderneath one of the openings, usually the front opening, and fromthere a heat collector conducts the hot gases comprising the combustionproducts to the other opening of that pair of openings. The diflicultyhas been to get a suflicient application of the directly to the utensilon the first opening where quick heat is desired, and at the same timeto get sufficient heat applied to the utensil on the second or remoteopening to serve even for the slower cooking operation on that hole.

My stove is more efficient in these respects than any of which I haveknown. I have, in accordance with this invention, provided such anarrangement that the hot gases from .the burner come first into directcontact with the utensil on the first cooking hole and then pass rapidlyand freely into mostefiicient heating contact with the cooking utensilon the second hole. There is, therefore, a minimum amount of loss ofheat in the gases from their transit to the second utensil.

This result is effected by several features of construction actingconjointly. One of the important things in the combination is theconstruction of grate which I employ on the second opening, which is sodesigned and proportioned as to cause just the proper amount of draughtand also to direct the gases most effectively in contact with itscooking utensil. Another feature which con tributes largely to thedesired result is the Serial No. 170,756.

particular shape of the heat collector which spans the two cooking holesand which, in conjunction with the stove top or key plate, forms aconductor for the heated gases, such that they may have the applicationand may travel in the manner above stated.

Another and an important advantage of my invention is the fact thatembodiments thereof are adapted to have their parts stamped from sheetmetal. In addition to the frame parts which may thus be composed ofsheet metal, it is possible, and, in fact, preferable, to draw the partsof the stove top from sheet metal. These latter may comprise the topframe and the key plate, which has a down-turned flange and tits flushwithin the opening of the top frame, resting upon aninturned flange ofthe frame. The heat collector may be a sheet metal member more or lessapproximating the shape of a tray and screwed or otherwise secured tothe under face of the key plate. The heat col lector is deepest at itscenter, the bottom sloping from each end downwardly toward the centerand there being an opening in the sloping bottom portion in registerwith the first cooking hole and the burner being disposed in or directlybeneath this opening.

In order to induce the proper draught, a grate is provided in the remotecooking hole which holds the cooking utensil elevated and which is soconstructed and shaped as to direct the gases most efiectively incontact with the cooking utensil on the grate. The first cooking holemust, of course, be covered either with a cooking utensil or with a lid,in order to direct the gases to the second hole. The heat collector isconstricted in Width at its center and the two ends are rounded. Thegases are thus desirably directed without impeding their flow.

Other features of my invention will appear from the followingdescription. I shall now describe the illustrated embodiment of myinvention and shall thereafter point out the invention in claims.

A more detailed description will be given in connection with thedrawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation partly in section of a stove constructed inaccordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of one burner section of a stove;

Fig. 4 is a section on line lg-*4: of Fl 0' 2' u a u n I a Flg. 5 1s asection on lme 5-5 of Fig Fig. 6 is a plan view of a simplified form ofstove, and

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section through the top portion of a stoveconstructed in accordance with Fig. 6.

The stove shown by way of illustration consists of a top frame 1supported on legs 2, which are braced at the center by a burner base 3and at the lower end by a leg tray 1. A battery of burners 5 are securedin line along the front of the stove to a feed pipe 6 which connects tothe usual inverted supply bottle 7, supported from the end of the stoveby a bracket 8. i

Each burner has associated therewith a key plate 9 which extends thefull depth of the stove top frame and seats on a ledge 10 in the frameopening so as to be flush with the top surface of the frame. Each keyplate'has two grate holes or openings therein, one front and one rear,over which a vessel may be placed. The key plates may be stamped fromsheet steel and when so stamped a ledge 11 is formed around theperiphery of the two grate openings adapted to receive therein a grate.The key plates are also formed with a depending flange 11 whichtends tostiffen the key plate as well as position said plate so as to lie flushwith the stove top.

A flush grate 12 is preferably used in the front opening which willallow the vessel placed thereorer to sit flat upon the surface of thekey plate and close the front opening or a solid disk grate may be usedfor reasons to be later described.

A special grate 13 such as disclosed in my application Serial No.169,444, filed February 19, 1927, issued November 15, 1927, as PatentNo. 1,649,006, is preferably used in the rear opening. This grate willsupport a vessel above the surface of the key plate and will also servein combination with the other elements. to direct the heat inpredetermined channels. This grate comprises generally a disk shapemember 13 having an open center portion, closed side portions 14, withsaid side portions 14 terminating in vertical battle webs 15. Verticalvanes 16 are formed across the center opening in the grate parallel towebs 15; A rear bafl'le wall 17 surrounds the rear periphery of thegrate. The webs 15 and vanes 16 extend above and below the horizontalsurface of the grate and are serrated upon their upper edges which edgesserve as a support for a vessel placed thereupon. A lug 17- may beformed projecting downwardly from the rear wall 17 or any other portionof the grate, which lug may fit into a recess in the key plate to insurea proper positioning at all times of the grate member.

Attached to the under side of each key plate 9 by means of screws or thelike is a particular form of heat collector 18 shown and described inPatent No. 1,64,51,00? issued November 15, 1927 in my name.

The heat collector comprises generally a dish-shaped tray 18 having aplane top in the form of a horizontal flange 19 of varying width. Thebottom 20 of the collector slopes downwardly from each end toward thecenter. Each end of the tray is in the form of a somewhat circularchamber 21, the chambers 21 at the ends of the collector being joined bya narrowed passage 22 through the deepened center portion of thecollector. The front chamber 21. has a circular opening through itsbottom located directly over the top of the burner so that heatgenerated from the burner will rise and flow into the collector. Thechamber 21 at the front end of the collector is not a true circle butwidens out at the sides, being of progressively greater radius towardthe rear to permit the conducting of larger quantities of the heatedproducts of combustion which will be termed heat without compression.The outer periphery of the collector is bent sharply downward to form astiffening lla'igc n3 which serves to prevent buckling of the collectorwhen subjected to intense heat. It is to be noted that with collector 18secured to key plate 9 and with a vessel or solid disk grate over thefront grate opening in the plate, a substantially closed duct s formedfor conducting the heat to the rear grain opening in the key plate. Theinclination of the front portion of the botton'l wall of the collectoris such that there a slight clear ance or opening between the upperfront edge of the burner and the underside of the front edge of theopening through the collector. This clearance will permit any gasesoccasioned by a flare-back to escape therethrough without passing upthrough the collector and rear grate.

In Figs. 6 and 7 there is shown a stove o'l much simpler constructionthan that shown in Figs. 1 to 5. In the structure shown in these figuresthere is no key plate structure but in place thereof the stove top 9 ismade of a continuous or a unitary sheet of stamped sheet metal. with aperipherally depending llangc which serves to strengthen and stiffen theunitary top. The top 9 has also formed therein a plurality of pairs ofcooking openings, each pair being associated with a heat collector 18similar to that previously dcscribed in detail and which is secured tothe stove top by screws or the like. The stove top 'ith its associatedheat collectors sccurcd thereto is supported in the usual manner by legs2, and a burner 5 is associated with one heat collector and a pair ofcooking holes.

It is apparent that with this structure a much simpler stove formed, usebeing made of my heat collector stamped sheet metal stove top.

This sheet metal top is formed Sill Jon

.in the key plate or into contact with a closed grate thereover. Theheat is thereby deflected and, due to the draught created by the raisedrear grate, will flow toward the rear opening. This flow is rapid andunimpeded due to the rounded contour of the front chamber 21, and theincreaslng size of the chamber. The heat thus collected will passthrough the narrowed but unrestricted center passage in the collector,where its mean level will be lowered due to the downwardlyinclinedbottom wall, and into the rear chamber of the heat collectorwhere it will be deflected upwardly by the upwardly inclined bottom walland through the rear grate. i i

The serrated battle webs, vanes and side portions of the rear grate willdistribute the heat over the bottom of the vessel placed thereover, andthe rear baflie wall of the grate will deflect that portion of the heatwhich is traveling rearwardly and redirect it forwardly again over thebottom of the vessel.

I It follows therefore that full utilization of the heat generated isattained by reason of its collection] and distribution and it is to be Inoted that substantially all ofthe generated heat is collected, applied,and reapplied to the vessels and the maximum amount thereof is absorbedand utilized. I

It is obvious that various changes may be made in the details'ofstructure without departing from the spirit and S00 e of this inventionas defined in the appen 'ed claims.

I claimz' 1. In an oil stove, an oil burner, a key-plate supportedthereover having therein a plurality of cooking openings, and mean'sforcon ducting the products of combustion from said burner to saidopenings'an-d for inducing a flow comprising a heat collector disposedunder said key-plate forming a substantially closed duct communicatingat one end with said burner and at the other end with one of saidcooking openings, the bottom wall of said collector sloping downwardlyfrom each end toward the center portion of said duct.

2. In an oil stove, an oil burner, a key-plate supported thereoverhaving therein a front and a rear cooking opening, and means forconducting the heat from said burner to said openings and for loweringthe mean level thereof during a portion of its passage to induce a flowcomprising a heat collector disposed under said key-plate forming asubstantially closed duct having a chamber in the front end thereofcommunicating with said burner, said front chamber being larger at itsmid point and having a. downwardly sloping bottom, said duct also havinga rear chamber in the rear end thereof having an inclined bottom slopingdownwardly toward the center of said collector, and a narrowed butunrestricted center passage connecting said chambers.

3. In anoil stove, an oil burner, a keyplate supported thereover, havingtherein a cooking opening over said burner and a cooking openingremotely situated with respect to saidburn-er, a heat collector disposedbelow said key-plate forming a substantially closed duct communicatingwith said burner and said openings, a flush grate positioned over theopening over said burner, a raised grate positioned over the other ofsaid openings, means carried by said grate for distributing the heatover its associated cooking opening, and additional means carriedthereby for defleeting the heat in a reversed direction across itsassociated cooking opening.

4:. In an oil stove, an oil burner, a key-plate supported thereover,having therein a cooking opening over said burner and a cooking openingremotely situated from said burner, a heat collector disposedbelow saidkey-plate forming a substantially closed duct communicating with saidburner and said openings, said duct having a bottom wall slopingdownwardly from each end toward the center, a flush grate over saidcooking opening over said burner, araised grate over said remoteopening, and means for reversing the normal flow of heat back acrosssaid remote opening.

5. In an oil stove, an oil burner, a key-plate supported thereover,having therein two cooking openings, one substantially over said burnerand the other remotely situated therefrom, a tray-like heat collectordisposed below said key-plate having a bottom wall sloping downwardlyfrom each end toward the center and having a substantially circularchamber in each end j oined'by a transversely narrowed passage throughthe center portion, a flush grate over'said cooking opening over theburner, and a raised grateover said remote opening whereby a draught isinduced through said duct.

6. In an oil stove, an oil burner, a key-plate supported thereover,having therein two cooking openings, one substantially over said burnerand the other remotely situated therefrom, a tray-like heat collectordisposed below said key-plate having a bottom wall sloping downwardlyfrom each end toward the center and having a substantially circularchamber in each end oined by a transversely narrowed passage through thecenter portion, a flush grate in said cooking opening over the burner,and a raised grate in said remote opening whereby a draught is inducedthrough said duct, said latter grate carrying baflie vanes fordistributing the heat.

7. In an oil stove, an oil burner, a keyllf) plate supported thereover,having therein two cooking openings, one substantially over said burnerand the other remotely situated therefrom, a tray-like heat collectordisposed below said key-plate having a bottom wall sloping downwardlyfromeach end toward the center and having a substantially circularchamber in each end joined by a transversely narrowed passage throughthe center portion, a flush grate in said cooking opening over theburner, and a raised grate in said remote opening whereby a draught isinduced through said duct, said latter grate carrying baffle vanes fordistributing the heat and a battle wall for reversing the direction offlow of the heat back over said remote openin 8. In an oil stove, an oilburner, a keyplate supported thereover, having therein a plurality ofcooking openings, and means for conducting the products of combustionfrom said burner to said openings and for inducing a flow comprising aheat collector disposed below said key-plate and in contact with saidkey-plate and forming a substantially closed duct communicating withsaidburner at one end thereof and with one of said cooking openings atthe other end thereof, the bottom wall of said collector being inclineddownwardly from each end toward the center portion of the duct and theside walls of the duct converging at said center portion.

9. In an oil stove, a top frame having an inner channel, an oil burner,a key-plate supported thereover seating in said channel and having acooking opening therein over said burner and a second cooking openingremote from said burner, said plate being formed of sheet metal andhaving an angularly bent strengthening flange around the outer peripherythereof adapted to engage in said channel in said frame and positionsaid keyplate, a depressed flange around the peripheries of saidopenings, and a heat collector disposed below said key-plate forming asubstantially closed duct communicating with said burner and saidopenings.

10. In an oil stove, a top frame having an inner channel, an oil burner,a key-plate supported thereover seating in said channel and having acooking opening therein over said burner and a second cooking openingremote from said burner, said plate being formed of sheet metal andhaving an angularly bent strengthening flange around the outer peripherythereof adapted to engage in said channel in said frame and positionsaid key-plate, a depressed flange around the peripheries of saidopenings, and means for conducting the products of combustion from saidburner to said openings and for inducing a flow C0111- prising a heatcollector disposed below said key-plate forming a substantially closedduct communicating with said burner and said openings, the bottom wallof said collector sloping downwardly from each end toward the center ofsaid duct.

11. In an oil stove, a top frame having an inner channel, an oil burner,a key-plate supported thereover seating in said channel and having acooking opening therein over said burner and a second cooking openingremote from said burner, said plate being formed of sheet metal andhaving an angularly bent strengthening flange around the outer peripherythereof adapted to engage in said channel in said frame and positionsaid key-plate, a depressed flange around the peripheries of saidopenings, and means for conducting the products of combustion from saidburner to said openings and for inducing a flow comprising a heatcollector disposed below said key-plate forming a substantially closedduct communicating with said burner and said openings, the bottom wallof said collector sloping downwardly from each end toward the center ofsaid duct and the side walls of the duct converging at said centcrportion.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my signature.

LEWIS 'r. WILCOX.

